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applied mathematics

Mathematical Definition of Heuristic Causal Inference: What differentiates DAGs and do-calculus?

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Preamble David Hume (Wikipedia)Experimental design is not a new concept and randomised control trials (RCTs) are our solid gold standard of doing quantitative research, when no apparent physical laws are available to validate observations.  However, it is very expensive to design RCTs, not ethical...

causality applied mathematics dags graph theory causal inference randomness heuristic intervention random control trials counterfactual bayesian inference

Loschimidt's Paradox and Causality: Can we establish Pearlian expression for Boltzmann's H-theorem?

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Boltzmann (Wikipedia)Post covers the papers: H-theorem do-conjecture, M. Süzen,  arxiv:2310.01458 (2023) PreambleProbably the most important achievement for humans is the ability to produce scientific discoveries, that  helps us objectively understand how nature works and build artificial tools...

thermodynamics causality applied mathematics statistical physics statistical mechanics mathematical philosophy theoretical physics

Misconceptions on non-temporal learning: When do machine learning models qualify as prediction systems?

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Preamble    Babylonian Tablet for square root of 2. (Wikipedia)Prediction implies a mechanics, as in knowing a form of a trajectory over time.  Strictly speaking a predictive system implies knowing a solution to the path, set of variable depending on time, time evolution of the system under...

machine learning causality applied mathematics deep learning supervised learning dynamical systems reinforcement learning interpretable machine learning representation learning